For over a century, the Department of Geology at GIRNC has been at the forefront of pioneering research and exceptional teaching. Recognized nationally for its top-ranked earth science research, our department’s studies are intricately linked to the dynamic geology of Nepal. We offer 9.5 full-time teaching positions, from lecturers to professors, specializing in fields such as sedimentology, marine geology, seismology, palemagnetism, paleoclimatology, paleontology, stratigraphy, tectonics, environmental geology, economic geology, geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology, geochronology, geophysics, volcanic processes, and regional geology.

Geology of Nepal Himalaya

The Himalayan arc, spanning 2400 km, covers Nepal, Bhutan, and parts of Pakistan, India, and China. Formed by the Indo-Asian collision around 55 Ma, the region is divided into four zones: Sub-Himalayan, Lesser Himalayan, Greater Himalayan, and Tibetan Himalayan.

• Terai: Nepal’s segment of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, with alluvial deposits overlying molasse and igneous/metamorphic rocks.
• Sub-Himalaya (Siwaliks): Southern Nepal’s sedimentary deposits, reflecting Himalayan uplift.
• Lesser Himalaya: Sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks, deformed by folding, faulting, and thrusting.
• Main Central Thrust Zone (MCT): A key structure accommodating Indian-Asian convergence, stretching 2500 km.
• Higher Himalaya: A 10 km thick succession of crystalline rocks, including gneiss and leucogranites.
• Tibetan-Tethys: Fossiliferous sedimentary rocks extending into Tibet, minimally altered except near crystalline zones.